How is sparkling mineral water made?
Sparkling mineral water gets its fizz either from carbon dioxide that came with the spring water or from added carbon dioxide. EU rules name three types: naturally carbonated, fortified with gas from the spring, and carbonated. In the US, FDA regulates water with added carbonation as a soft drink.
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In this article
Where do the bubbles come from?
From carbon dioxide gas dissolved in the water. The legal definitions turn on where that gas came from.
What types of sparkling natural mineral water exist in the EU?
Directive 2009/54/EC defines three:
- Naturally carbonated: the carbon dioxide level after bottling is the same as at the source.
- Fortified with gas from the spring: the carbon dioxide comes from the same water table or deposit, but the level after bottling is greater than at the source.
- Carbonated: carbon dioxide of an origin other than the water’s own deposit has been added.
How does US law define sparkling bottled water?
FDA’s rule (21 CFR 165.110) says sparkling bottled water, after treatment and possible replacement of carbon dioxide, contains the same amount of carbon dioxide from the source that it had when it emerged from the source.
What is mineral water?
Under the same US rule, mineral water comes from a protected underground source, contains not less than 250 parts per million total dissolved solids, and has no minerals added.
What about water that is simply carbonated?
FDA says waters with added carbonation, soda water (or club soda), tonic water and seltzer have historically been regulated as soft drinks, not as bottled water.
We found no official source that describes the factory steps (tanks, filling, canning), so we do not describe them here.
People also ask
How is sparkling water made?
Carbon dioxide is dissolved in water. It either comes with the spring water or is added; EU and FDA rules treat these cases differently.
Is sparkling mineral water naturally carbonated?
Sometimes. In the EU a natural mineral water can be naturally carbonated, fortified with gas from the spring, or carbonated with carbon dioxide from another origin.
Is seltzer the same as sparkling mineral water?
Not under FDA rules. FDA says seltzer and soda water have historically been regulated as soft drinks, while sparkling bottled water is a type of bottled water.
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